?What is the Yemeni Socialist Party
Khaled Hassan Yousef
The birth of the Yemeni Socialist Party was part of what was known as the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen, which was renamed the Democratic People's Republic of South Yemen in 1970 and is an independent state from Britain.
In the shadow of that left-wing political republic, the party was born on October 14, 1978, in the capital city of Aden.
This event took place after the overthrow of the former ruler, President Salim Rabi 'Ali, in 1978, whose duties were taken by his rival, President Abdel Fattah Ismail Ali.
In October 1978, the next new president came to power, represented by President Fattah Yashra in the formation of the Yemeni Socialist Party, composed of the factions of the united political organization of the National Front, the Social Democratic Union, the Popular Front Party and the Revolutionary Democratic Front, which later became a part of the party.
The party took the Marxist-Leninist political course as a political ideology because it was a socialist political ideology and all started in the beginning as national political forces, especially from the roots of the Arab nationalists movement. My patriot set out to liberate the occupied southern Yemen from British colonialism.
This was also applied to the Social Democratic Union, which called for the unity of Yemen in the Shattariya and the Popular Front Party, which had its roots in Baathist nationalism. The Socialist Party was also involved in the establishment of the Socialist Party, including Abdel Fattah Ismail Ali, Abdullah Abdul Razak Baheeb, Jarallah Omar, Anis Hassan Yahia, Abdoulaye and others. This political experiment and its organizational structure were a repeat of the experiment of the unified political organization of the National Front, which was established in 1975, which included a number of leftist organizations and the forces formed for the Socialist Party in part, with some ideological changes There is a and the emergence of some organizational divisions even within the institution of the three powers of the Yemeni Socialist Party in the period of 1971-1975.
The party was based on a historical perspective which is the unity of the Yemeni soil in the southern and northern regions, especially that the political forces founded all of them were founded in the north of Yemen and had its headquarters there and fought jointly against the systems of Imamate and colonialism. Consequently, the monarchist spirit prevailed over its political programs
. However, the historical leaders of the Yemeni National Front for the Liberation of the South have overshadowed the composition of the Political Bureau and the Central Committee of the party represented by Abdelfattah Ismail Ali, Ali Salem Al-Bayd, Ali Nasser Mohammed, Mohammed Saeed Abdullah Mohsen, Ali Ahmed Nasser Antar and others.
During the political period in which the party ruled the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen, three public conferences were held.
The first was in 1978
Second Conference in 1980
Third Conference in 1985
During the period 1978-1985, the state witnessed a state of political confusion at the level of the political system despite the existence of the general political stability except for the conflicts of the party forces. However, these experiences in the power struggle were generally severe on the state. Abdel Fattah Ismail Ali "by his comrades in the party, specifically Ali Nasser Mohammed, Ali Ahmed Nasser Antar, Saleh Musleh Qasim and others.
While some of the men of President Abdel Fattah, including Abdul Aziz Abduli and forever, Mohammed Saeed Abdullah, "Mohsen" returned later after being removed from the state security apparatus, the security institution inherited from the "security of the revolution" during the revolution of colonization and others Second-class men, especially in state institutions, and the subsequent denial of the Secretary-General of the party to the Soviet Union between 1980-1985
President Ali Nasser Muhammad al-Hakam took office in 1980 and until January 1986. The Third General Conference of the Yemeni Socialist Party was held during his term of office. This stage witnessed a political dispute between him and his former allies, including Brig. Ali Ahmed Nasser Antar, Saleh Musleh Qasem, Ali Salem Al-beed, Ali Shaheed Hadi and others
While Abdel Fattah Ismail returned from exile with the support of the group opposed to President Ali Nasser Mohammed, played a pivotal role in the struggle of the Yemeni Socialist Party leaders during the preparation period and the convening of the third general conference of the party, which was held under the political and security conditions is very bad, Between the two opposing parties.
The Palestinian Left, represented by Mr. George Habash, Secretary-General of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine, Mr. Nayef Hawatmeh, Secretary-General of the Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine and Chairman of the Palestine Liberation Organization, Mr. Yasser Arafat, "The party's political bureau members were raised to 15 members, who were divided into a group that included President Ali Nasser Mohammed, Abubakar Abdul Razzaq Baheeb, Anis Hassan Yahya and Ahmad Musaid Hussein.
On the other side were Vice-President Ali Ahmad Nasser Antar, Saleh Musallam Qasem, Salim Saleh Mohammed, Ali Shaheed Hadi, Saleh Munaser Al-Saili, Abdelfattah Ismail Ali and Ali Asaad Muthanna, representing the majority of the members of the Political Bureau of the party.
It ended with a state of armed confrontations in which state institutions were divided into two conflicting directions. Armed confrontations lasted for 17 days, during which more than 4,000 people were killed and many wounded.
Yasser Arafat was loyal to President Ali Nasser Mohammed, which was revealed by his participation in the events of January 13, 1986. In addition, President Ali Abdullah Saleh's sympathy was with President Ali Nasser.
His supporters from the government and the fall of a number of his opponents in the Political Bureau, including Abdel Fattah Ismail, Ali Antar, Saleh Musleh, Ali Chaia Hadi and others, leaving behind the presidency of the state, which led to the Prime Minister Dr. Haider Abu Bakr al-Attas member of the Political Bureau (neutral) White Party Secretariat. During this period, the party itself found itself in disarray and its political and organizational capabilities decreased due to the lack of many of its political and military cadres. The People's Democratic Republic of Yemen entered into a very critical economic situation and a political isolation, and the deterioration and disintegration of the Soviet Union. Led to an economic crisis in that republic, forcing the Socialist Party the option to escape forward and engage in Yemeni unity with the Arab Republic of Yemen in May 22, 1990. Although these are just examples of YSP conflicts, this does not mean that comrades in the party have never witnessed a bloody chain of conflict. The establishment of the party was a struggle within the framework of the National Front for the Liberation of the South occupied Yemen in 1966, and the system of "President Gamal Abdel Nasser" part of that conflict, which was between the first group of the President of the Republic of South Yemen, the People's Democratic Republic headed by Qahtan Mohammed al-Shaabi, along with his Foreign Minister Faisal Abdul Latif The other Abdel Fattah Ismail, Salem Rabie Ali. The military rebellion by the left of the political organization of the National Front and the occurrence of political interference within the organization, leader Salem Rabie Ali was from the political group that rebelled against President "Qahtan" in 1968, Ali Salem al-Beid returned and returned to its regional roots and established the Popular Front for Liberation Hadramout, Ali Nasser Mohammed was on the same day with a hazy hazy position. In 1971, Muhammad Ali Haitham was deposed as Prime Minister. This led to his transfer to the Yemeni Arab Republic, the political and armed opposition, and the entry of the Aden regime into a military confrontation that lasted for years. Especially in the border province of Shabwa. Salim Rabi Ali took over the rule of the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen in 1969-1978 when he was politically besieged and then forced to abdicate by force, with the advent of his physical liquidation with some of his supporters. The Yemeni Socialist Party and its historical forces had their wars with their neighbors in Saudi Arabia in 1971 in the context of the dispute over the border depository area of the kingdom, which was cut off and the necessity zone from the south of Yemen, and in 1972 the war was fought with the Arab Republic of Yemen and the Cairo meeting for reconciliation between Aden and Sana'a In 1979 between Aden and Sanaa and a meeting for reconciliation between them in Kuwait. During the period 1990-1994, the Yemeni Socialist Party represented a political partner in the rule of the Republic of Yemen, but its historical and ideological differences with the Popular Congress Party partner in the experience of unity did not go away, but found the unity of the unit well ventured to explode the political and armed conflict between the two parties, The summer of 1994, which contributed to the decline of the capabilities of the Republic of Yemen, and the entry of the Eritrean neighbor in armed conflict on some of the islands immediately after the end of the war in Sana'a and Aden 1994. After the defeat of the Socialist Party in the war mentioned the focus on political opposition and launched a guerrilla war on pro-government forces in Sanaa ,How many The party boycotted two parliamentary elections in Yemen. After the end of the war, the party began to imbue its forces and capabilities under the leadership of Ali Saleh Abad (Muqbel), who was able to rehabilitate the party and restore it, and then left the General Secretariat of the party at the fifth conference held in Sana'a in 2005 and his successor in the General Secretariat Dr. Yassin Said Numan Of the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen) returning from Sweden. Since then, the Socialist Party has focused on peaceful political opposition from the inside and the creation of the experience of the popular popular political movement to pressure the ruling power in Sana'a. It also formed a political alliance called the Joint Meeting Parties, which is divided by ideology and combined with the attempt to topple the ruling regime of the Popular Congress Party. With the convening of the Sixth General Conference of the Yemeni Socialist Party in 2009 in Sana'a, the political performance of the party was increased. This led to the serious study among the party to reconcile the political groups that fought at the age of the party's experience. On the historic political leadership of the party in order to restore the rights of the people of the southern provinces of Yemen. The experiment of the Yemeni youth revolution imposed on the regime of President Ali Abdullah Saleh to step down from the government and share his heir, President Abd Rabo Hadi Mansour with the JMPs in power sharing, of which the Yemeni Socialist Party is a part and the rise of the popular popular movement which was part of the Yemen revolution, In turn, the decision on the historical forces of the Socialist Party to take the reasons of historical merit and participate in the first national dialogue and held in Cairo between 20-22 2011 and then in the second national dialogue, which was held in Cairo in the period 21-23-2012, which resulted in the control of the Socialist Party on decisions Alm With the occurrence of a state of historic reconciliation and convergence between the historical leaders of the party, and was reconciliation, for example, between the presidents Ali Nasser Mohammed and Haidar Abu Bakr al-Attas and many of their comrades. On the other hand, there is still a state of political disagreement between the historical circles of the Yemeni Socialist Party, which is divided into the first extremist current represented by the former Secretary General Ali Salem Al-Beid, Sheikh Ahmed bin Farid Al-Siraima, Abdullah Baum, the second stream represented by Presidents Ali Nasser Mohammed and Haidar Abu Bakr Al-Attas,
The third is represented by the current leadership of the Yemeni Socialist Party led by Secretary-General Dr. Yassin Said Noman, and they see rejection of separation and acceptance of any other formula acceptable to the movement of southern Yemen. In the other direction, the world rejected the representative of the Secretary-General of the United Nations Ban Ki-moon and his sense of Gamal bin Omar to divide the Republic of Yemen and participate in this option representative of the Gulf Cooperation Council and the European Union countries, and there is no doubt that these positions will be a red light of the separatist movement led by a historic leader is Ali Salem Albaid To review his papers and to fill the positions of the political wise, which is different with many in the Yemeni Socialist Party is currently with them. The result is that this party should reconsider its revolutionary and authoritarian history, which led to its chastity, the dissension of its supporters and the alliance of some of them with its opponents at the Popular Congress and the Yemeni Reform Rally. On the other hand, the necessity of a reconciliation was considered as historical partners in the National Liberation War against British colonialism. (The Association of the Sons of Yemen), the Ba'thists, the Nasserites, through a national reconciliation conference that places the points on the characters rather than returning to the reality of the uniqueness of the decision and the mere attempt to return to power and re-establish its intellectual structure. Ideology which destroyed Yemen over long decades.
Khaled Hassan Yousef
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